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Earth Architecture

The early history of mankind can be reconstructed as an almost limitless search for earth architecture. People they found the caves, and later became the living spaces were of enormous importance in the development of human civilization. Would it not be still living in the desert of today if any of our ancestors had not found the cave, restructured by selective replacement of stones or who does not appreciate the look comfortable place of it?

In more recent times, we can look at irregular holes in the oasis of Siwa in Egypt. Here, hundreds underground burial chambers (If not thousands) of years after which symbolizes respect for the rituals of the dead bodies have become living spaces. Like the Egyptians, American Indians North may have evolved the kiva of the burial chamber, ritual space, a habitat for life. Deeply rooted in the current ritual is the belief that the entry in the kiva is a rebirth. Needless to say, the psychological effects of space on Earth in ancient times had a major impact on religious life, while providing a sense safety and positive aesthetics.

Another example is the city of Pantalica troglotecture, which is impressive, both in its dimension in space and durability and versatility of its shape. Pantalica construction is traditionally attributed to the Sicels Anapo Valley, who lived in Sicily 3000 years ago. Although originally used as burial chambers in prehistory, the Middle Ages, became Siculis apartment complexes. These multi-storey apartments or chambers were connected by several different passages, and the interior was emptied for vertical movement. This site is not unique, either. There is evidence of prehistoric sites are scattered in Sicily: near Siculiana, Caltabelotta, Raffadale in Bronte and Maletto (west of Mount Etna), between Syracuse and Cape San Croce, and most prominently in the valley of Ispica near Modica.

Even the structure of a mountain can be a boost to earth architecture. In Gironde, the ninth century monolithic church of Saint-Emilion literally was carved into the rock. Almost simultaneously, the Anatolia Goreme church was created by depletion and massive sculpture existing rocks. The method of subtraction was very evident in these historic sites, and his concept of solid and void was formidable.

In the northern part of Africa, a whole village called Matmata is located underground. A population of the lives of thousands of villagers in the rooms as forty-foot tunnel under the earth. Not far from Matmata, in southern Tunisia, are Berbers who are the inhabitants of the cliff. They carved out their space from the cliff and use the excavated rock to build walls and sheds stations to create a design Cliffside home row. The Berbers' Cliffside community is built well above the flood plain casual, maximizing the height of the cliff to protection.

In northern and western China in Honan, Shansi and Kansu provinces, there is a similar development of underground spaces. However other land cave-cities can be found worldwide. The ritual of reclaiming lost ground after it was obvious to our ancestors. With a knowledge of the abduction, modification, solid and void, our ancestors truly represented the architects land.

Many times, a space object or suggest the way subject, or a ritual to be used. Making a small amount of size or re-carving the final result can be achieved. In strictly technical terms, tools are rarely necessary sophisticated and comprehensive workforce is often unnecessary. The subtraction method is especially effective in relation to the nature of earth architecture. "It is estimated that 3000 cubic feet room could be carved on the lawn of Cappadocia by a man in a month, all without the benefit of an engineering degree architectural or, "according to Jason C. Shih, in his article meters Architecture. Earth as building material stabilizes the extreme temperature fluctuations, both daily and seasonally. Provides a strong barrier against wild animals, rain and destructive weather.

Our ancestors respected nature and people higher because they believed that nothing man could approach the perfection of nature. The first attempts by the prehistoric artists to create figurative sculpture were almost certainly the result of finding animal bones, stone and wood in the shape of the final product as suggested in the found object. A work of art can be created without excessive ornamentation. Natural objects was also playing a major part of life for the prehistoric artist. This special primary sensory instinct is still a part very important in modern biology and the human spirit. The sense of touch is essential to the decision found the space because we can not perceive the world through our eyes alone.

Today, earthen architecture, offers a wealth of ideas and challenges for architects and designers. Human history offers us many study resources. Only a relatively small part of examples of the historical use of land buildings mentioned here, but the adobe buildings, adobe, compressed earth, cob, adobe, straw and other techniques are increasingly important to change our environment. Earth Architecture represents innovative uses of this ancient building material. Buildings made of earth (if appropriate use) are energy efficient, environmentally friendly, sustainable and affordable. Throughout human evolution, there has been a recurring tendency to rediscover and renew the areas of land. Humans find things that previous generations have been lost, and things lose their ancestors encountered. This continuous cycle of finding and losing is significant in both the biological and physiological evolution of our species.

About the Author

Mi Tsung Chang is currently teaching at the City College of New York School of Architecture, Urban Design and Landscape Architecture, where he teaches courses in architecture technology, theory and CAD. Professor Chang received his bachelor of architecture degree, master of architecture degree from Pratt Institute, and a doctor of philosophy degree in architecture from the Union Institute. He is the principal of Hypnos Design. Chang currently lives in New York City.